Neem for Fever: Does It Work?
Does Neem (Nimba) help with fever (Jwara)? Yes, and the classical evidence on this is exceptionally direct. The Bhavaprakash Nighantu classifies Neem as Jvaraghna, the antipyretic, and lists fever among its core indications alongside skin disease and parasites. Neem bark decoction is named in the Bhavaprakash specifically for antimalarial and antipyretic use, the precise overlap territory where bacterial, parasitic, and recurrent fevers blur into one another.
The classical case rests on a clean property match. Neem is bitter and astringent in taste (Tikta, Kashaya Rasa), light and dry in quality (Laghu, Ruksha Guna), cold in potency (Sheeta Virya), and pungent in post-digestive effect (Katu Vipaka). Classical pathology identifies fever as the entry of Vata, Pitta, or Kapha together with Ama (metabolic toxin) into Rasa Dhatu, displacing Agni from the gut into the plasma layer and burning Ojas. Neem's bitter-cooling profile pacifies Pitta and Kapha while scraping Ama, the exact action the texts call for in inflammatory and toxic fevers.
The Sharangadhara Samhita codifies this in formula. Pathyadi Kvatha, a classical decoction containing Neem alongside Chirata, Guduchi, and Sandalwood, is named directly for Pitta Jvara, the hot, burning, inflammatory fever pattern. The Astanga Hridaya places Nimba within the Tikta Gana, the classical group of cooling bitters used in Pitta-driven disease. If your fever has bacterial, parasitic, or skin-fever overlap features, hot inflammation, suspected infection, malarial recurrence, or post-fever skin eruptions, Neem is one of the first herbs the texts reach for.
How Neem Helps with Fever
Neem acts on Jwara through four connected mechanisms that together explain why classical Ayurveda treats it as a lead drug for inflammatory and infective fevers, not just a generic cooler.
1. Jvaraghna and Pittashamaka: cooling the heat of fever directly
The Bhavaprakash Nighantu classifies Neem as both Jvaraghna (antipyretic) and Pittashamaka (Pitta-pacifying). Pittaja Jwara, the classical hot-burning-headache-photophobia presentation, begins in the small intestine and produces high temperature, irritability, and inflammation. Neem's Sheeta Virya (cold potency) directly opposes this inflammatory heat. The bitter and astringent tastes scrape excess Pitta from the channels, while the cold quality cools the burning that Pitta-Rakta vitiation drives into the plasma. The Astanga Hridaya places Nimba within the Tikta Gana, the classical bitter group used in fever and inflammatory disease.
2. Krimighna: broad-spectrum antimicrobial action against infective fevers
The Bhavaprakash names Neem as a foremost Krimighna drug. In classical usage Krimi covers visible parasites, but the same term was applied to invisible infective agents that produce suppuration, recurrent fever, and chronic illness. Modern phytochemistry confirms the action: nimbidin, nimbin, and azadirachtin show validated activity against several bacterial and parasitic agents. Neem bark decoction has a long classical reputation as antimalarial and antipyretic, named directly in the Bhavaprakash. For fevers with infection signs, suppurative complications, parasitic overhang, or post-fever skin contamination, this antimicrobial breadth is what is needed.
3. Ama-pachana through Tikta Rasa: clearing the toxin that triggers fever
Classical pathogenesis is unusually specific on fever. Mandagni produces Ama, Ama enters Rasa Dhatu carrying displaced Agni, and the heat of that displaced fire is what the patient experiences as fever. The bitter taste (Tikta Rasa) is the dominant Ama-clearing taste in Ayurvedic pharmacology, scraping the toxin from the plasma layer and restoring digestive fire to its proper seat. Neem is among the most strongly Tikta drugs in the materia medica, which is why the Bhavaprakash also lists it as Deepana (kindles digestive fire) and Arochakagna (improves appetite), exactly the actions a febrile patient with low appetite needs.
4. Raktashodhaka: cleansing the blood layer in skin-fever overlap
Many classical fevers, including the post-eruptive fevers of chickenpox and measles, present with combined fever-and-skin pathology. The Bhavaprakash classifies Neem as Raktashodhaka (blood purifier), the herb that scrapes vitiated Pitta out of Rakta Dhatu. This dual blood-cleansing-plus-antipyretic action is why Neem leaves were classically spread on the bedding and added to bathwater during eruptive fever epidemics, and why the same herb appears across both Jvara chikitsa and Kushtha chikitsa in the texts.
How to Use Neem for Fever
For fever specifically, the classical preference is decoction first, multi-herb churna second. The bitter-cooling action needs to reach Rasa Dhatu, and water-based extracts deliver it most directly. Neem leaf and bark are the active parts for fever, oil and topical preparations are not used here.
Best preparation form for fever
Bark decoction (Kashaya) is the classical first choice for febrile illness. The Bhavaprakash Nighantu names Neem bark decoction directly as antimalarial and antipyretic. The Sharangadhara Samhita includes Neem in Pathyadi Kvatha, a fever decoction combining Neem, Chirata, Guduchi, Sandalwood, and Haritaki, named specifically for Pitta Jwara. Fresh leaf juice is the alternative when bark is unavailable, used for acute fevers with skin overlap.
Multi-herb fever powders that contain Neem, such as Sudarshan Churna, are convenient when the single-herb decoction is too bitter to tolerate. These preserve the antipyretic action while masking the taste and adding complementary cooling-bitter herbs.
Dosage and timing
| Form | Dose | When | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fresh leaf juice | 5 to 15 ml once daily | Empty stomach, morning | Acute fever, skin-fever overlap |
| Bark decoction (Kashaya) | 20 to 40 ml twice daily | Before meals | Recurrent or malaria-pattern fever |
| Leaf powder (capsule) | 250 to 500 mg twice daily | After meals | Daily use, low-grade fever |
| Multi-herb fever churna | 1 to 3 g twice daily | With warm water, before meals | Mixed-dosha fever, infection signs |
Anupana (vehicle) tailored to fever
The vehicle (anupana) tunes Neem's action to the fever type. Warm water is the default and supports Ama-clearing in Kapha and mixed fevers. Honey (added only after the decoction has cooled to lukewarm) is used in Kapha-type fever with congestion. Cooled water with a pinch of crushed black pepper is the classical pairing for Pitta-type fever with low digestive fire, since pepper carries the bitter principle deeper without aggravating heat.
Duration expectations
For acute uncomplicated fever, expect to see the temperature pattern shift within 48 to 72 hours of starting Neem. If fever is bacterial or parasitic with infection signs, a 7 to 14 day course is the classical expectation, often paired with Guduchi and Tulsi. Neem is not a chronic-use herb for fever; once temperature normalises and appetite returns, taper off rather than continuing indefinitely. Persistent or worsening fever beyond 72 hours of self-care needs clinical evaluation.
What to pair Neem with for fever
- Guduchi: the classical co-herb, Rasayana action supports Ojas during febrile illness.
- Tulsi: warming-bitter, balances Neem's cold quality in Vata-Kapha fever.
- Chirata: stronger Tikta-Sheeta combination for stubborn malarial-pattern fever.
- Kutki: adds liver-protective action when fever has hepatic overlap.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does Neem take to work for fever?
For acute uncomplicated fever, the temperature pattern usually starts to shift within 48 to 72 hours of starting Neem decoction or churna. Bacterial or parasitic fevers typically need a 7 to 14 day course paired with Guduchi or Tulsi. If fever is not improving by 72 hours of self-care, or is worsening, see a clinician rather than continuing.
What is the best form of Neem for fever?
Bark decoction (Kashaya) is the classical first choice, named in the Bhavaprakash Nighantu directly as antipyretic and antimalarial. Fresh leaf juice is the next option when bark is unavailable. Multi-herb fever powders such as Sudarshan Churna, which contain Neem alongside other cooling bitters, are the practical choice when the bitter taste of straight decoction is hard to tolerate.
Can I take Neem with paracetamol or other fever medication?
Neem works through different mechanisms than over-the-counter antipyretics, so there is no direct herb-drug interaction in the antipyretic action itself. However, Neem also lowers blood sugar and can affect liver enzymes at higher doses. If you are on diabetes medication, blood thinners, or any prescription drug, coordinate Neem use with your clinician rather than self-combining. Avoid Neem during pregnancy and active conception attempts.
Neem vs Guduchi for fever?
Guduchi is the broader Rasayana with stronger immune-modulating action and is gentler for long courses. Neem is the more strongly antimicrobial, antipyretic, and Pitta-cooling, suited to fevers with infection signs, parasitic features, or skin-fever overlap. The classical preference is to combine them: Guduchi for the Rasayana support, Neem for the antimicrobial scrape. If you can only pick one, choose Guduchi for low-grade or recurrent fever, Neem when there are clear infection or skin-eruption features.
Neem vs Tulsi for fever?
Tulsi is warming and pungent, suited to early-stage Kapha fever with congestion, runny nose, and cough. Neem is cooling and bitter, suited to Pitta fever with high temperature, burning, and inflammation. They pair well: Tulsi for the upper-respiratory layer, Neem for the deeper bacterial or parasitic component. In mixed fever with both congestion and high inflammation, use them together rather than choosing.
Recommended: Start Neem for Fever
If you want to start using Neem for fever today, here's the simplest starting point.
Best form for fever: a multi-herb fever churna that contains Neem alongside other cooling bitters, taken with warm water before meals. The classical Pathyadi Kvatha pattern, Neem with Chirata, Guduchi, and Sandalwood, is the model here. Sudarshan Churna (and the stronger Mahasudarshan version) is the modern shelf equivalent: a multi-herb antipyretic powder built around Neem and Kutki. It is far more palatable than straight bark decoction.
Kitchen version: simmer 5 to 10 fresh Neem leaves in 2 cups of water down to half a cup. Strain. Take 20 to 40 ml twice daily before meals. Add a pinch of crushed black pepper if Pitta-type fever, or a teaspoon of honey (after cooling) if Kapha-type with congestion.
Dosha fork:
- Pitta-type fever (high temperature, burning, headache, photophobia): Neem decoction with cooled water and a pinch of pepper, or Sudarshan Churna with cool water.
- Kapha-type fever (congestion, runny nose, low-grade): Neem with warm water and honey, paired with Tulsi and ginger.
- Vata-type fever (chills, body ache, insomnia, constipation): use Neem cautiously and short-term, pair with Guduchi for Rasayana support since Neem alone is drying.
Find Neem on Amazon ↗ Mahasudarshan Churna ↗
Avoid Neem during pregnancy and active conception attempts. Persistent fever beyond 72 hours, fever above 39.4 C / 103 F, stiff neck, severe headache, or breathing difficulty needs clinical evaluation rather than self-care.
Safety & Precautions
Neem is a powerful medicine, not a mild daily tonic. Used correctly it is remarkably safe, but it has a handful of specific contraindications that every user should know about. Several of these are well documented in both classical and modern literature.
Do Not Use During Pregnancy
This is the single most important warning. Neem has well-documented anti-fertility and abortifacient effects in both classical Ayurveda and modern animal studies. Neem seed oil in particular has been studied as a contraceptive. Avoid Neem in any form, leaf, bark, oil, or supplement, if you are pregnant or trying to conceive.
Fertility Reduction (Both Sexes)
Neem reduces sperm motility in men and interferes with implantation in women. If you are actively trying to conceive, stop Neem at least 2-3 months beforehand. This same effect is why Neem has been studied as a reversible natural contraceptive.
Blood Sugar Interactions
Neem lowers blood sugar. If you are taking insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas, or other anti-diabetic medication, Neem can push blood sugar too low (hypoglycemia). Use only under medical supervision and monitor your levels closely when adding or stopping Neem.
Never Ingest Neem Seed Oil
Neem leaf preparations are used internally. Neem seed oil is for external use only. Swallowing neem oil, even small amounts, has caused serious poisoning, especially in infants and children, with symptoms including vomiting, seizures, metabolic acidosis, and Reye-like encephalopathy. Keep neem oil locked away from children.
G6PD Deficiency
People with G6PD deficiency should avoid Neem. Some compounds in Neem can trigger hemolytic anemia in this population. If you have not been tested and are of Mediterranean, African, or South Asian heritage, ask your doctor before using Neem.
Vata Aggravation and Depletion
The Bhavaprakasha Nighantu notes that Neem is not ideal for people with high Vata, debility, emaciation, or cold signs. It is cooling, drying, and depleting when overused. People who are already thin, weak, dry, anxious, or convalescing should use Neem sparingly and short-term, ideally paired with a warming, nourishing herb.
Other Cautions
- Children under 2: Avoid all internal Neem. External use of diluted neem oil for lice or skin conditions is acceptable under adult supervision.
- Autoimmune conditions: Neem is an immune modulator. Those on immunosuppressant drugs should consult their physician.
- Surgery: Stop Neem at least two weeks before any scheduled surgery because of its effects on blood sugar and immune response.
- Heart conditions: The Bhavaprakasha notes Neem can be burdensome to the heart in excess, keep doses moderate.
For healthy adults using typical food-level or short-course therapeutic doses, Neem is well tolerated. Most reported adverse events involve neem seed oil ingestion, unusually high doses, or use during pregnancy.
Other Herbs for Fever
See all herbs for fever on the Fever page.
▶ Classical Text References (6 sources)
Nimbi Taila – (Neem oil) :ना यु णं न बजं त तं कृ मकु ठकफ णुत ् ॥ ६० ॥ Neem oil – is not very hot (slightly hot) in potency, bitter, anti microbial, useful in skin diseases and mitigates Kapha.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 5: Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables
74 पटोलस तला र टशा गे टाव गुजा अम ृताः वे ा ब ृहतीवासाकु तल तलप णकाः म डूकपण कक टकारवे लकपपटाः नाडीकलायगोिज वावाताकं वन त तकम ् कर रं कु कं न द कुचैला शुकलादनी क ट लं के बुकं शीतं सकोशातकककशम ् त तं पाके कटु ा ह वातलं कफ प तिजत ् Patola, saptala, arista (neem leaves), sharngeshta (angaravalli/bharangi), Avalguja (Bakuchi), amruta (Tinospora), Vetra (shoot of vetra), Brhati (Solanum indicum), vasa (Adhatoda vasica), kutill, tilaparnika (badraka), mandukaparni (Gotu kola), Karkota, karavella
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 6: Annaswaroopa Food
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 10: Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 10: Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee; Then a wick prepared from paste of Tila, ghee, honey and appropriate drugs should be placed inside the wound and also covered over.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 29: Shastrakarma Vidhi
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee; Then a wick prepared from paste of Tila, ghee, honey and appropriate drugs should be placed inside the wound and also covered over.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 29: Shastrakarma Vidhi
Source: Astanga Hridaya, Ch. 5, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 10, Ch. 29, Ch. 29
Nimbi Taila – (Neem oil) :ना यु णं न बजं त तं कृ मकु ठकफ णुत ् ॥ ६० ॥ Neem oil – is not very hot (slightly hot) in potency, bitter, anti microbial, useful in skin diseases and mitigates Kapha.
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables
74 पटोलस तला र टशा गे टाव गुजा अम ृताः वे ा ब ृहतीवासाकु तल तलप णकाः म डूकपण कक टकारवे लकपपटाः नाडीकलायगोिज वावाताकं वन त तकम ् कर रं कु कं न द कुचैला शुकलादनी क ट लं के बुकं शीतं सकोशातकककशम ् त तं पाके कटु ा ह वातलं कफ प तिजत ् Patola, saptala, arista (neem leaves), sharngeshta (angaravalli/bharangi), Avalguja (Bakuchi), amruta (Tinospora), Vetra (shoot of vetra), Brhati (Solanum indicum), vasa (Adhatoda vasica), kutill, tilaparnika (badraka), mandukaparni (Gotu kola), Karkota, karavella
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Annaswaroopa Food
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee;
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Shastrakarma Vidhi
Source: Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables; Annaswaroopa Food; Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their; Shastrakarma Vidhi
In order to clean the seat of kapha and amashaya, the patient should be given the decoction of pippali, sarsapa (yellow sarson/Indian colza/Brassica campestris) and nimba (neem tree/Margosa/Indian lilac/Azadirachta indica) added with powder of pinditaka (madanaphala/emetic nut/bushy gardenia/Randia dumetorum) and saindhava (rock-salt).
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
Source: Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
Take rāsnā, vāsā, arka, triphalā, vidanga, bark of sigru, mushakaparni, neem, holy basin, nails of vyāghra (shell), durvā, sunflower, katukā, kākamāchi, brihati, kuṣtha, punarnavā, chitraka and dry ginger and make paste with cow’s urine.
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 12: Edema Treatment (Shvayathu Chikitsa / श्वयथुचिकित्सा)
In order to clean the seat of kapha and amashaya, the patient should be given the decoction of pippali, sarsapa (yellow sarson/Indian colza/Brassica campestris) and nimba (neem tree/Margosa/Indian lilac/Azadirachta indica) added with powder of pinditaka (madanaphala/emetic nut/bushy gardenia/Randia dumetorum) and saindhava (rock-salt).
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
The soup which is used for purification of breast milk, should be prepared with tender leaves of neem and vetra, parvala leaves, brinjal and amalaka added with dry zinger (shunthi), pepper, pippali and rock salt.
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 30: Gynecological Disorders Treatment (Yonivyapat Chikitsa / योनिव्यापत्चिकित्सा)
Source: Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 12: Edema Treatment (Shvayathu Chikitsa / श्वयथुचिकित्सा); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 30: Gynecological Disorders Treatment (Yonivyapat Chikitsa / योनिव्यापत्चिकित्सा)
That which penetrates the subtle channels (Sukshma-chhidra) of the body is called Sukshma (subtle/penetrating), like Saindhava (rock salt), honey, Nimba taila (neem oil), and substances born of Eru (castor).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Purva Khanda, Chapter 4: Dipana-Pachana Adikathanam (Digestive Actions etc.)
Pathyadi Kvatha: Pathya (Haritaki — Terminalia chebula), Nimba (neem — Azadirachta indica), Nidigdhika (Solanum xanthocarpum), Kiratatikta (Swertia chirayita), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), and Chandana (sandalwood — Santalum album) decoction alleviates Pitta Jvara (fever caused by Pitta).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 1: Svarasadikalpana (Svarasa, Kalka, Kvatha, etc.)
Panchanimba Churna [for Kushtha/skin diseases]: the root, leaves, fruits, flowers, and bark of Nimba (neem — Azadirachta indica) should be collected.
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 6: Churnakalpana (Powder Preparations - Extended)
Bibhitaka, Nimba (neem), Gambhari, Shiva, Shelu, Kakini — oil Nasya with each individually surely destroys premature greying.
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 8: Nasya Vidhi (Nasal Therapy)
Alternatively, the barks of Khadira (Acacia catechu), Arishta (Azadirachta indica/neem), and Jambu (Syzygium cumini/black plum), combined with urine, or Kutaja bark (Holarrhena antidysenterica) with Saindhava (rock salt) as a paste, also destroys Arunshika (scalp dermatitis).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 11: Lepa Vidhi (Topical Paste Application)
Source: Sharangadhara Samhita, Purva Khanda, Chapter 4: Dipana-Pachana Adikathanam (Digestive Actions etc.); Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 1: Svarasadikalpana (Svarasa, Kalka, Kvatha, etc.); Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 6: Churnakalpana (Powder Preparations - Extended); Uttara Khanda, Chapter 8: Nasya Vidhi (Nasal Therapy); Uttara Khanda, Chapter 11: Lepa Vidhi (Topical Paste Application)
Then, fumigate the wound area with powders of Guggulu (Commiphora mukul), Aguru (Aquilaria agallocha), Sarja-rasa (Vateria indica resin), Vacha (Acorus calamus), white mustard (Sinapis alba), mixed with salt and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, and anoint the vital points with ghee (18).
— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures
Post-operative fumigation with antimicrobial herbs (Neem, Guggulu, Vacha are all proven antiseptics).
— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures
Iron filings, copper dust, neem exudate collyrium, tin, and bronze residue — ground with flower juice.
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis)
Jasmine flowers, saindhava (rock salt), shringavera (ginger), krisna (black pepper) seeds, and the essence of kitashatru (neem) — this ground preparation with honey should be fearlessly applied as anjana in netra-paka (eye suppuration).
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis)
Vulture and owl droppings, the skin of a goat and buffalo, neem leaves, and Madhuka (licorice) should be used for fumigation.
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 34: Shitaputanapratishedha
Source: Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures; Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis); Uttara Tantra, Chapter 34: Shitaputanapratishedha
Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Ayurvedic treatments should be pursued under the guidance of a qualified practitioner (BAMS/MD Ayurveda). Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new treatment. Content is sourced from classical Ayurvedic texts and may not reflect the latest medical research.