Soma

(Ephedra)
Sanskrit: सोम • Botanical: Ephedra gerardiana (Wall) Stapf

Soma/Ephedra (Ephedra gerardiana) is discussed as one proposed identification for the Vedic Soma plant. The text provides detailed pharmacological information. The plant grows at high altitudes (7000-12000 feet) in the Himalayas. The stems contain l-ephedrine and d-l-ephedrine alkaloids (0.26-2.2%). It is a powerful bronchodilator - used extensively for asthma. It also has cardiac stimulant properties and can cause vasoconstriction. The text mentions its use in asthma (Shvasa), cough (Kasa), and as a cardiac stimulant. It can raise blood pressure and is useful in epidemic dropsy and left heart failure. Used in tincture form. Dose: Soma-somarasa dharana - 2-3 drops; extract powder 10-60 grains. Verse refs: pages 445-446.

Ayurvedic Properties

Taste (Rasa)
Astringent (Kashaya), Pungent (Katu)
Quality (Guna)
Light (Laghu), Dry (Ruksha)
Potency (Virya)
Hot (Ushna)
Post-digestive (Vipaka)
Pungent (Katu)
Key Constituents
l-ephedrine, d-l-ephedrine (0.26-2.2% total alkaloid content), l-ephedrine constitutes about 90% of total alkaloids
Also Known As
English: Ephedra, Ma-huang
Sanskrit: सोम
Hindi: सोम

What is Soma / Ephedra (सोम / एफेड्रा)?

Soma/Ephedra (Ephedra gerardiana) is discussed as one proposed identification for the Vedic Soma plant. The text provides detailed pharmacological information. The plant grows at high altitudes (7000-12000 feet) in the Himalayas. The stems contain l-ephedrine and d-l-ephedrine alkaloids (0.26-2.2%). It is a powerful bronchodilator - used extensively for asthma. It also has cardiac stimulant properties and can cause vasoconstriction. The text mentions its use in asthma (Shvasa), cough (Kasa), and as a cardiac stimulant. It can raise blood pressure and is useful in epidemic dropsy and left heart failure. Used in tincture form. Dose: Soma-somarasa dharana - 2-3 drops; extract powder 10-60 grains. Verse refs: pages 445-446.

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 3

Therapeutic Actions (Karma)

  • Shvasahara (relieves asthma/dyspnea)
  • Kasahara (relieves cough)
  • Hridya (cardiotonic)
  • Mutrala (diuretic)

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 3

Soma by Condition

Explore how Soma is used for specific health concerns — with dosage, preparation methods, and classical references for each.

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Soma for Blood Pressure

Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Ayurvedic treatments should be pursued under the guidance of a qualified practitioner (BAMS/MD Ayurveda). Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new treatment. Content is sourced from classical Ayurvedic texts and may not reflect the latest medical research.