Neem for Ulcers: Does It Work?
Does Neem (Nimba, Azadirachta indica) help with ulcers? Yes, and the classical authority is unusually broad. The Bhavaprakash Nighantu describes Neem's primary indications as Jwara (fever), Prameha (diabetes), Kushtha (skin diseases), Krimi (worms and microbes), and Vrana (wounds), placing wound-healing among the top five classical uses of the herb. Editorial Ayurvedic literature explicitly names Neem for "mucus membrane ulcerations" and notes that the leaves "heal ulcers in urinary passage."
Neem is one of the few herbs in the Ayurvedic pharmacopeia that fits the modern Krimi-aja framing of bacterial peptic ulcers directly. The Bhavaprakash Nighantu classifies Neem's actions as Krimighna (anti-parasitic, anti-microbial), Kushthaghna (anti-dermatosis), Raktashodhaka (blood purifier), Pittashamaka (Pitta-pacifying), and Vishaghna (anti-toxic), the precise quintet needed for an inflamed, infected, hot ulcer driven by H. pylori or other microbial overlay. Modern phytochemistry has identified Nimbidin, Nimbin, Nimbinin, and Azadirachtin as the active compounds, with documented antimicrobial activity against H. pylori in laboratory and clinical studies.
The herb's property profile is the key to its ulcer use. Neem is intensely bitter (Tikta Rasa), cold in potency (Sheeta Virya), and pungent in post-digestive effect (Katu Vipaka). The cold potency is critical, this is one of the few antimicrobial herbs that does not aggravate the hot Pittaja pattern of gastric ulcers. Most antimicrobials are hot and pungent (garlic, ginger); Neem is cold and bitter, which means it can fight the bacterial overlay without amplifying the acid burn underneath. This makes it the cleanest fit for the modern picture of H. pylori-driven Pittaja gastric ulcer.
Neem is also the lead herb for external skin ulcers driven by Pitta-Rakta inflammation and microbial overlay (diabetic ulcers, infected wounds, chronic non-healing ulcerations), and for mouth ulcers and ulcerated gums as a Datuna twig, gargle, or oil. The Sushruta Samhita uses Neem leaves in surgical wound fumigation and post-operative care; the Astanga Hridaya Chapter 29 (Shastrakarma Vidhi) names Neem leaves explicitly in wound treatment protocols. Skip Neem for pure Vata-pattern duodenal ulcer with cold, dry, anxious presentation; in that picture, the bitter-cold action is too sharp.
How Neem Helps with Ulcers
Neem acts on ulcers through three converging mechanisms, each rooted in a property the classical texts named directly. The first is Krimighna, antimicrobial action. Neem is one of the most studied antimicrobial herbs in the Ayurvedic pharmacopeia, with documented activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. The active limonoids Nimbidin, Nimbin, Azadirachtin, and Margosate show specific in vitro activity against Helicobacter pylori, the bacterium implicated in most peptic ulcers. The classical observation that Neem is "the village pharmacy" for infected wounds and the modern data on H. pylori inhibition are describing the same broad-spectrum action through different vocabularies.
The second is Pittashamaka and Raktashodhaka, Pitta-pacifying and blood-purifying action. Most antimicrobial herbs are hot in potency and aggravate the Pitta excess that drives gastric ulcer pathology. Neem is the rare exception: intensely bitter (Tikta Rasa) with cold potency (Sheeta Virya). The bitter-cold combination directly counters Pachaka Pitta inflammation in the gastric and duodenal mucosa while simultaneously fighting the bacterial overlay. This is why Neem fits the modern Krimi-aja H. pylori ulcer picture more cleanly than warming antimicrobials. The Raktashodhaka action also addresses the Pitta-Rakta inflammation that drives chronic skin ulcers and slow-healing wounds.
The third is Vrana Ropana, classical wound healing. The Bhavaprakash Nighantu places Vrana (wounds) among the top five indications for Neem, alongside Jwara, Prameha, Kushtha, and Krimi. The Sushruta Samhita specifies Neem leaves in surgical wound fumigation and post-operative care, and the Astanga Hridaya Chapter 29 (Shastrakarma Vidhi) names Neem in wound treatment protocols. The classical Kshara Sutra technique for fistulas and chronic ulcerations uses Neem decoction as one of the soaking media. The mechanism combines the Krimighna and Pittashamaka actions: Neem cleans the microbial layer that prevents granulation and reduces the inflammatory drive that keeps the wound from closing.
For internal peptic ulcers, the practical picture is this: Neem extract or low-dose powder reduces H. pylori bacterial load in the gut while cooling the inflamed mucosa. Modern small studies of Neem extract have reported reduced symptoms and improved endoscopic findings in H. pylori-positive ulcer patients, often used alongside conventional triple therapy. For external skin ulcers and mouth ulcers, the Krimighna action prevents secondary infection while the Pittashamaka action reduces local inflammation and the Vrana Ropana action drives granulation. The same plant works at three different layers of ulcer pathology at once.
How to Use Neem for Ulcers
Neem for ulcers uses different forms for different ulcer types. Internally, low-dose Neem leaf extract or capsules support H. pylori-driven peptic ulcers. Topically and as gargle, Neem decoction handles mouth ulcers and skin Vrana. As Neem oil externally, it manages chronic skin ulcers and slow-healing wounds. The bitter taste limits dose, and the cold potency limits long-term internal use, so courses are short and pulsed.
Forms and Doses for Ulcers
| Form | Dose | Best For | Anupana / How to Take |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neem leaf capsule (standardized extract) | 250 to 500 mg, twice daily | H. pylori-driven Pittaja gastric ulcer; antimicrobial support alongside triple therapy | With warm water after meals; never on a fully empty stomach; 4 to 6 week course |
| Neem leaf decoction (Kashaya) | 1 tsp dried leaves simmered in 1 cup water 5 min | Internal Krimighna action for chronic ulcer; classical preparation | Cooled, sipped after meals; 1/2 cup twice daily; add a pinch of rock candy to soften the bitterness |
| Neem decoction gargle (Kavala) | 1 tsp leaves in 1 cup water, simmered, cooled | Mouth ulcers (Mukha-Paka), ulcerated gums, throat ulcers | Swish 2 to 3 minutes, gargle, spit out; 2 to 3 times daily after meals |
| Neem twig (Datuna) | One fresh twig daily | Recurrent mouth ulcers, ulcerated gums, oral hygiene during ulcer healing | Chew end soft, brush teeth and gums gently; classical morning practice |
| Neem oil (external) | Thin layer on wound | Chronic skin ulcers, diabetic ulcers, infected slow-healing wounds, fungal ulceration | Apply to clean wound; cover with light cloth; 1 to 2 times daily; do not use undiluted on broken mucosa or genital ulcers |
| Neem leaf paste (Lepa), external | Thin layer on skin Vrana | Acute Pitta-Rakta skin ulcers with redness and inflammation | Grind fresh leaves with warm water; apply 20 to 30 minutes; wash off; once or twice daily |
Timing
For internal use, take Neem capsules or decoction after meals, never on an empty stomach. The bitter-cold action can briefly stimulate gastric secretion, and during active ulcer the lining needs food substrate as a buffer. For mouth and throat gargles, after meals and at bedtime, three times daily during active ulceration. For external skin ulcers, apply after cleaning the wound, once or twice daily.
Anupana (Vehicle)
The bitter taste needs softening. For internal use, warm water with a pinch of rock candy (mishri) or a small piece of jaggery is the classical anupana. Honey works well for the gargle. For external skin ulcers, cow's ghee as a carrier softens Neem oil's intensity for sensitive skin. Avoid hot, spicy, or alcohol-based vehicles for Neem in ulcer protocols; these undermine the cooling action.
Duration
For internal H. pylori support, run a 4 to 6 week course of Neem capsules or decoction, then pause. Long-term high-dose internal Neem can be excessively cooling and depleting; short pulsed courses are the classical pattern. For mouth ulcers, 5 to 7 days of gargle resolves most cases. For external skin Vrana, 2 to 4 weeks of daily Neem oil or paste paired with internal cooling herbs is typical. Do not exceed 6 weeks of internal Neem without practitioner review.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Neem really help with H. pylori?
The evidence is moderate and growing. Multiple in vitro studies show that Neem leaf extract inhibits H. pylori growth, and small clinical studies in India have reported reduced bacterial load and improved symptoms when Neem is used alongside conventional triple therapy. Neem is not a replacement for antibiotic eradication therapy in confirmed H. pylori cases, but it is one of the cleaner Ayurvedic adjuncts because of its rare cold-and-antimicrobial profile that does not aggravate Pitta acid burn.
How long does Neem take to work for mouth ulcers?
Mouth ulcers (Mukha-Paka) usually respond to Neem gargle within 3 to 5 days. Use a cooled decoction (1 teaspoon dried leaves in 1 cup water, simmered 5 minutes), gargle 2 to 3 minutes, three times daily after meals. The classical practice of chewing a fresh Neem twig (Datuna) in the morning prevents recurrence and supports gum health. If ulcers persist beyond two weeks or recur frequently, get a medical workup.
Can I take Neem with my PPI (omeprazole, pantoprazole)?
Generally yes, in the standard low doses, but check with your doctor first. Neem can lower blood sugar and may interact with diabetes medication, and high-dose long-term Neem can affect liver function. The PPI suppresses acid; Neem fights any bacterial overlay and cools inflammation. The combination addresses two layers of the same problem. Never stop a PPI suddenly; taper under medical supervision.
Neem vs Yashtimadhu for ulcers, which is better?
Different jobs, and they pair beautifully. Yashtimadhu is the lead mucosal healer, sweet, demulcent, with documented activity against H. pylori through a different mechanism (mucus stimulation rather than direct kill). Neem is the lead Krimighna and Pittashamaka antimicrobial. The classical pairing for H. pylori-driven Pittaja ulcer combines Yashtimadhu before meals (to coat and heal) with low-dose Neem after meals (to fight the bacteria and cool the inflammation). They are partners, not alternatives.
Is Neem safe long-term for ulcer patients?
No, not at therapeutic doses. Long-term high-dose Neem is excessively cooling and depleting in classical Ayurveda, and modern data shows potential liver effects with prolonged use. The classical pattern is short pulsed courses (4 to 6 weeks) with breaks, not continuous use. For ongoing ulcer prevention after the acute phase has resolved, switch to gentler maintenance herbs like Amla or Shatavari, and reserve Neem for flares or confirmed microbial overlay.
Recommended: Start Neem for Ulcers
If you want to start using Neem for ulcers today, here's the simplest starting point: get standardized Neem leaf capsules for internal H. pylori support, and use a Neem decoction gargle for any mouth or throat ulcer. The combination handles the bacterial layer and the local mucosa at the same time.
Best form for ulcers: for H. pylori-driven Pittaja gastric ulcer, Neem leaf capsule (standardized extract), 250 to 500 mg twice daily after meals with warm water, alongside Yashtimadhu as the mucosal-healing lead. Run a 4 to 6 week course, then pause. For mouth ulcers, Neem decoction gargle, 1 teaspoon dried leaves simmered in 1 cup water, cooled, swished and spat 2 to 3 times daily.
Kitchen version: for a simple gargle, simmer 8 to 10 fresh Neem leaves (or 1 teaspoon dried) in a cup of water for 5 minutes, cool, gargle. The bitterness is significant, you can soften with a half teaspoon of honey added to the cooled liquid for the gargle. For acute mouth ulcer, hold the warm decoction on the ulcer for one minute before spitting.
Dosha fork: for Krimi-aja H. pylori ulcer, Neem is one of the cleanest fits in the Ayurvedic pharmacopeia, cold antimicrobial without acid aggravation. For Amlapitta-Vrana (hot Pittaja gastric ulcer), pair Neem with Yashtimadhu. For Mukha-Paka mouth ulcers, Neem gargle plus a fresh Neem twig (Datuna) for daily oral hygiene. For chronic non-healing skin Vrana, especially diabetic ulcers, Neem oil topically plus internal Neem capsule. Skip Neem for pure cold Vata duodenal ulcer; use Shatavari instead.
Find Neem on Amazon ↗ Yashtimadhu Churna ↗
Safety: Stomach ulcers with black or tarry stool, vomiting blood, severe pain, or unintended weight loss need urgent medical care. Test for H. pylori. Use Ayurveda alongside, not instead of, prescribed PPIs and antibiotic eradication therapy in the acute phase. Avoid internal Neem in pregnancy and trying-to-conceive. Long-term high-dose Neem can affect liver and blood sugar; use short pulsed courses, not continuous.
Safety & Precautions
Neem is a powerful medicine, not a mild daily tonic. Used correctly it is remarkably safe, but it has a handful of specific contraindications that every user should know about. Several of these are well documented in both classical and modern literature.
Do Not Use During Pregnancy
This is the single most important warning. Neem has well-documented anti-fertility and abortifacient effects in both classical Ayurveda and modern animal studies. Neem seed oil in particular has been studied as a contraceptive. Avoid Neem in any form, leaf, bark, oil, or supplement, if you are pregnant or trying to conceive.
Fertility Reduction (Both Sexes)
Neem reduces sperm motility in men and interferes with implantation in women. If you are actively trying to conceive, stop Neem at least 2-3 months beforehand. This same effect is why Neem has been studied as a reversible natural contraceptive.
Blood Sugar Interactions
Neem lowers blood sugar. If you are taking insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas, or other anti-diabetic medication, Neem can push blood sugar too low (hypoglycemia). Use only under medical supervision and monitor your levels closely when adding or stopping Neem.
Never Ingest Neem Seed Oil
Neem leaf preparations are used internally. Neem seed oil is for external use only. Swallowing neem oil, even small amounts, has caused serious poisoning, especially in infants and children, with symptoms including vomiting, seizures, metabolic acidosis, and Reye-like encephalopathy. Keep neem oil locked away from children.
G6PD Deficiency
People with G6PD deficiency should avoid Neem. Some compounds in Neem can trigger hemolytic anemia in this population. If you have not been tested and are of Mediterranean, African, or South Asian heritage, ask your doctor before using Neem.
Vata Aggravation and Depletion
The Bhavaprakasha Nighantu notes that Neem is not ideal for people with high Vata, debility, emaciation, or cold signs. It is cooling, drying, and depleting when overused. People who are already thin, weak, dry, anxious, or convalescing should use Neem sparingly and short-term, ideally paired with a warming, nourishing herb.
Other Cautions
- Children under 2: Avoid all internal Neem. External use of diluted neem oil for lice or skin conditions is acceptable under adult supervision.
- Autoimmune conditions: Neem is an immune modulator. Those on immunosuppressant drugs should consult their physician.
- Surgery: Stop Neem at least two weeks before any scheduled surgery because of its effects on blood sugar and immune response.
- Heart conditions: The Bhavaprakasha notes Neem can be burdensome to the heart in excess, keep doses moderate.
For healthy adults using typical food-level or short-course therapeutic doses, Neem is well tolerated. Most reported adverse events involve neem seed oil ingestion, unusually high doses, or use during pregnancy.
Other Herbs for Ulcers
See all herbs for ulcers on the Ulcers page.
▶ Classical Text References (6 sources)
Nimbi Taila – (Neem oil) :ना यु णं न बजं त तं कृ मकु ठकफ णुत ् ॥ ६० ॥ Neem oil – is not very hot (slightly hot) in potency, bitter, anti microbial, useful in skin diseases and mitigates Kapha.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 5: Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables
74 पटोलस तला र टशा गे टाव गुजा अम ृताः वे ा ब ृहतीवासाकु तल तलप णकाः म डूकपण कक टकारवे लकपपटाः नाडीकलायगोिज वावाताकं वन त तकम ् कर रं कु कं न द कुचैला शुकलादनी क ट लं के बुकं शीतं सकोशातकककशम ् त तं पाके कटु ा ह वातलं कफ प तिजत ् Patola, saptala, arista (neem leaves), sharngeshta (angaravalli/bharangi), Avalguja (Bakuchi), amruta (Tinospora), Vetra (shoot of vetra), Brhati (Solanum indicum), vasa (Adhatoda vasica), kutill, tilaparnika (badraka), mandukaparni (Gotu kola), Karkota, karavella
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 6: Annaswaroopa Food
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 10: Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 10: Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee; Then a wick prepared from paste of Tila, ghee, honey and appropriate drugs should be placed inside the wound and also covered over.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 29: Shastrakarma Vidhi
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee; Then a wick prepared from paste of Tila, ghee, honey and appropriate drugs should be placed inside the wound and also covered over.
— Astanga Hridaya, Chapter 29: Shastrakarma Vidhi
Source: Astanga Hridaya, Ch. 5, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 10, Ch. 29, Ch. 29
Nimbi Taila – (Neem oil) :ना यु णं न बजं त तं कृ मकु ठकफ णुत ् ॥ ६० ॥ Neem oil – is not very hot (slightly hot) in potency, bitter, anti microbial, useful in skin diseases and mitigates Kapha.
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables
74 पटोलस तला र टशा गे टाव गुजा अम ृताः वे ा ब ृहतीवासाकु तल तलप णकाः म डूकपण कक टकारवे लकपपटाः नाडीकलायगोिज वावाताकं वन त तकम ् कर रं कु कं न द कुचैला शुकलादनी क ट लं के बुकं शीतं सकोशातकककशम ् त तं पाके कटु ा ह वातलं कफ प तिजत ् Patola, saptala, arista (neem leaves), sharngeshta (angaravalli/bharangi), Avalguja (Bakuchi), amruta (Tinospora), Vetra (shoot of vetra), Brhati (Solanum indicum), vasa (Adhatoda vasica), kutill, tilaparnika (badraka), mandukaparni (Gotu kola), Karkota, karavella
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Annaswaroopa Food
Tikta Gana – group of bitters :त तः पदोल ाय ती वालकोशीर च दनम ् भू न ब न ब कटुका तगरा गु व सकम ् न तमाला वरजनी मु त मूवाट पकम पाठापामागकां यायोगुडू चध वयासकम ् प चमल ू ं महा या यौ वशाल अ त वषावचा Patoli, Trayanti – Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira – Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana – Sandalwood, Bhunimba – The creat (whole plant) – Andrographis paniculata, Nimba – Neem – Azadirachta indica, Katuka – Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara – Indian Valerian (root) – Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka – Hol
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their
The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed with ghee;
— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Shastrakarma Vidhi
Source: Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Drava Vigyaniya Drinkables; Annaswaroopa Food; Rasabhediyam Tastes, Their; Shastrakarma Vidhi
In order to clean the seat of kapha and amashaya, the patient should be given the decoction of pippali, sarsapa (yellow sarson/Indian colza/Brassica campestris) and nimba (neem tree/Margosa/Indian lilac/Azadirachta indica) added with powder of pinditaka (madanaphala/emetic nut/bushy gardenia/Randia dumetorum) and saindhava (rock-salt).
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
Source: Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
Take rāsnā, vāsā, arka, triphalā, vidanga, bark of sigru, mushakaparni, neem, holy basin, nails of vyāghra (shell), durvā, sunflower, katukā, kākamāchi, brihati, kuṣtha, punarnavā, chitraka and dry ginger and make paste with cow’s urine.
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 12: Edema Treatment (Shvayathu Chikitsa / श्वयथुचिकित्सा)
In order to clean the seat of kapha and amashaya, the patient should be given the decoction of pippali, sarsapa (yellow sarson/Indian colza/Brassica campestris) and nimba (neem tree/Margosa/Indian lilac/Azadirachta indica) added with powder of pinditaka (madanaphala/emetic nut/bushy gardenia/Randia dumetorum) and saindhava (rock-salt).
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा)
The soup which is used for purification of breast milk, should be prepared with tender leaves of neem and vetra, parvala leaves, brinjal and amalaka added with dry zinger (shunthi), pepper, pippali and rock salt.
— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 30: Gynecological Disorders Treatment (Yonivyapat Chikitsa / योनिव्यापत्चिकित्सा)
Source: Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 12: Edema Treatment (Shvayathu Chikitsa / श्वयथुचिकित्सा); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 20: Vomiting Treatment (Chhardi Chikitsa / छर्दिचिकित्सा); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 30: Gynecological Disorders Treatment (Yonivyapat Chikitsa / योनिव्यापत्चिकित्सा)
That which penetrates the subtle channels (Sukshma-chhidra) of the body is called Sukshma (subtle/penetrating), like Saindhava (rock salt), honey, Nimba taila (neem oil), and substances born of Eru (castor).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Purva Khanda, Chapter 4: Dipana-Pachana Adikathanam (Digestive Actions etc.)
Pathyadi Kvatha: Pathya (Haritaki — Terminalia chebula), Nimba (neem — Azadirachta indica), Nidigdhika (Solanum xanthocarpum), Kiratatikta (Swertia chirayita), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), and Chandana (sandalwood — Santalum album) decoction alleviates Pitta Jvara (fever caused by Pitta).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 1: Svarasadikalpana (Svarasa, Kalka, Kvatha, etc.)
Panchanimba Churna [for Kushtha/skin diseases]: the root, leaves, fruits, flowers, and bark of Nimba (neem — Azadirachta indica) should be collected.
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 6: Churnakalpana (Powder Preparations - Extended)
Bibhitaka, Nimba (neem), Gambhari, Shiva, Shelu, Kakini — oil Nasya with each individually surely destroys premature greying.
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 8: Nasya Vidhi (Nasal Therapy)
Alternatively, the barks of Khadira (Acacia catechu), Arishta (Azadirachta indica/neem), and Jambu (Syzygium cumini/black plum), combined with urine, or Kutaja bark (Holarrhena antidysenterica) with Saindhava (rock salt) as a paste, also destroys Arunshika (scalp dermatitis).
— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 11: Lepa Vidhi (Topical Paste Application)
Source: Sharangadhara Samhita, Purva Khanda, Chapter 4: Dipana-Pachana Adikathanam (Digestive Actions etc.); Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 1: Svarasadikalpana (Svarasa, Kalka, Kvatha, etc.); Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 6: Churnakalpana (Powder Preparations - Extended); Uttara Khanda, Chapter 8: Nasya Vidhi (Nasal Therapy); Uttara Khanda, Chapter 11: Lepa Vidhi (Topical Paste Application)
Then, fumigate the wound area with powders of Guggulu (Commiphora mukul), Aguru (Aquilaria agallocha), Sarja-rasa (Vateria indica resin), Vacha (Acorus calamus), white mustard (Sinapis alba), mixed with salt and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, and anoint the vital points with ghee (18).
— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures
Post-operative fumigation with antimicrobial herbs (Neem, Guggulu, Vacha are all proven antiseptics).
— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures
Iron filings, copper dust, neem exudate collyrium, tin, and bronze residue — ground with flower juice.
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis)
Jasmine flowers, saindhava (rock salt), shringavera (ginger), krisna (black pepper) seeds, and the essence of kitashatru (neem) — this ground preparation with honey should be fearlessly applied as anjana in netra-paka (eye suppuration).
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis)
Vulture and owl droppings, the skin of a goat and buffalo, neem leaves, and Madhuka (licorice) should be used for fumigation.
— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 34: Shitaputanapratishedha
Source: Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5: Agropaharaniya Adhyaya - Surgical Instruments and Procedures; Uttara Tantra, Chapter 12: Raktabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Blood-type Conjunctivitis); Uttara Tantra, Chapter 34: Shitaputanapratishedha
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