Dravanti: Benefits, Uses & Dosage

Sanskrit: द्रवन्ती Botanical: Jatropha glandulifera; Croton tiglium

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Ayurvedic Properties

Taste (Rasa)
Pungent (Katu)
Quality (Guna)
Sharp (Tikshna), Dry (Ruksha)
Potency (Virya)
Hot (Ushna)
Post-digestive (Vipaka)
Pungent (Katu)
Also Known As
English: Dravanti
Sanskrit: द्रवन्ती, शम्बरी
Hindi: द्रवन्ती

What is Dravanti / Red Physic Nut (द्रवन्ती)?

Dravanti is described as a more drastic purgative than even Danti. Its exact botanical identity is debated between Jatropha glandulifera and Croton tiglium. The seeds or root are used for powerful purgation. It should be used with extreme caution and only in strong patients. The text warns against its casual use. Dose: very small - 1 ratti.

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 3

Therapeutic Actions (Karma)

  • Virechana (drastic purgative)
  • Shodhana (purificatory)

Source: Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Varga 3

How to Use Dravanti by Condition

Explore how Dravanti is used for specific health concerns — with dosage, preparation methods, and classical references for each.

Classical Text References (2 sources)

References in Charaka Samhita

Purgative drugs in parts of latex, root, bark, leaf, flower and fruit wholly or individually of shyama, trivrit, chaturangula (aragvadha), tilvaka, mahavriksha, saptala, shankhini, danti and dravanti are to be used according to requirement.

— Charaka Samhita, Vimana Sthana — Specific Medical Principles, Chapter 8: Physician's Approach to Disease (Rogabhishagjitiya Vimana / रोगभिषग्जितीय विमान)

Ghee obtained from buffalo’s milk and processed with nagadanti (Croton oblongifolius), trivrit (Operculina turpethum), danti, dravanti (Balliospermum montanum), snukpaya, madanaphala and one adhaka of cow's urine is an effective remedy in case of poison due to snake and insect bite and in gara visha.

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 23: Poison Treatment (Visha Chikitsa / विषचिकित्सा)

A wise physician may also apply the paste of danti, dravanti, surasa and sarshapa for the cure of urustambha.

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 27: Thigh Stiffness Treatment (Urustambha Chikitsa / ऊरुस्तम्भचिकित्सा)

Complex pill formula: Saptala, Svarnaksheeri, Shyama, Trivrita, Chaturangula, Tilvaka, Mahavriksha (Sudha), Shankhini, Danti, Dravanti, Shunthi, Maricha, Pippali—all triturated with Sudha latex for one week, rolled into kola-sized pills.

— Charaka Samhita, Kalpa Sthana — Pharmaceutical Preparations, Chapter 10: Pharmaceutical Preparations of Sudha (Sudha Kalpa Adhyaya / सुधाकल्प अध्याय)

Alternative paired formulations: Danti-Dravanti, Ajashringi-Ajagandha, Kshirini-Nilika, Karanja, Masuravidala-Pratyakaparni.

— Charaka Samhita, Kalpa Sthana — Pharmaceutical Preparations, Chapter 11: Pharmaceutical Preparations of Saptala and Shankhini (Saptalashankhini Kalpa Adhyaya / सप्तलाशङ्खिनीकल्प अध्याय)

Source: Charaka Samhita, Vimana Sthana — Specific Medical Principles, Chapter 8: Physician's Approach to Disease (Rogabhishagjitiya Vimana / रोगभिषग्जितीय विमान); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 23: Poison Treatment (Visha Chikitsa / विषचिकित्सा); Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 27: Thigh Stiffness Treatment (Urustambha Chikitsa / ऊरुस्तम्भचिकित्सा); Kalpa Sthana — Pharmaceutical Preparations, Chapter 10: Pharmaceutical Preparations of Sudha (Sudha Kalpa Adhyaya / सुधाकल्प अध्याय); Kalpa Sthana — Pharmaceutical Preparations, Chapter 11: Pharmaceutical Preparations of Saptala and Shankhini (Saptalashankhini Kalpa Adhyaya / सप्तलाशङ्खिनीकल्प अध्याय)

References in Sushruta Samhita

The drugs for downward purification (purgation/virechana) are: vivrita, shyama, danti, dravanti, saptala, shahlini, vishanika, gavachi, chagalantri, snuha, suvarna, chiri, chitraka, kinihi, kushakashi, tvaka, kampillaka, ramyaka, patala, puga, haritaki, amalaki, bibhitaka, nilini, chaturangula, eranda (castor), putika, mahavriksha, saptachhada, and jyotishmati.

— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 39: Shodhanasanshmaniya Adhyaya - On Purification and Pacification

The roots of danti and dravanti should be specially collected from between earth and kusha grass.

— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 44: Virechana-dravya-vikalpa-vijnaniya Adhyaya - On Purgative Drug Preparations

Trivrit in eight-fold proportion with danti, dravanti, maricha, nakahya, and vasaka (verse 49-52) — all finely powdered, with two parts of danti (verse 55), all powdered and filtered and mixed (verse 56), combined with six parts of sugar and a little rock salt, formed into pills, and followed with cold water — this cures pain in the bladder region, thirst, fever, vomiting, consumption, anemia, and dizziness (verse 57).

— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 44: Virechana-dravya-vikalpa-vijnaniya Adhyaya - On Purgative Drug Preparations

incised when suppurated Apachi (Scrofula) Clarified butter cooked with fruit of Jimutaka, Kosha-vati, Danti, Dravanti and Trivrit;

— Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 18: Granthi-Apachi-Arvuda-Galaganda Chikitsa

Drugs for Downward Purification and Pacification Groups (Verses 4-9) The drugs for downward purification (purgation/virechana) are: vivrita, shyama, danti, dravanti, saptala, shahlini, vishanika, gavachi, chagalantri, snuha, suvarna, chiri, chitraka, kinihi, kushakashi, tvaka, kampillaka, ramyaka, patala, puga, haritaki, amalaki, bibhitaka, nilini, chaturangula, eranda (castor), putika, mahavriksha, saptachhada, and jyotishmati.

— Sushruta Samhita, Shodhanasanshmaniya Adhyaya - On Purification and Pacification

Source: Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 39: Shodhanasanshmaniya Adhyaya - On Purification and Pacification; Sutra Sthana, Chapter 44: Virechana-dravya-vikalpa-vijnaniya Adhyaya - On Purgative Drug Preparations; Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 18: Granthi-Apachi-Arvuda-Galaganda Chikitsa; Shodhanasanshmaniya Adhyaya - On Purification and Pacification

Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Ayurvedic treatments should be pursued under the guidance of a qualified practitioner (BAMS/MD Ayurveda). Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new treatment. Content is sourced from classical Ayurvedic texts and may not reflect the latest medical research.