Aquatic/Swimming Birds

Plava birds are aquatic/swimming birds — includes swan, goose, duck, crane, heron etc. Their meat is generally heavy, unctuous, cooling and nourishing. Being aquatic birds, they share properties with Anupa animals. They are useful for nourishment and semen production. Heavier than land birds. Verses: 29-31.

• Brimhana (nourishing)
• Shukrala (spermatogenic)

50 Apchara varga –(aquatic birds) : हंससारसकाद बबककार डव लवाः बलाको ोषच ा वम गु ौ चादयो अ चराः Hamsa (swan), sarasa (Indian crane), kadamba (grey legged goose), baka (heron), karandava (white breasted goose), palva (pelican), balaka (crane),utkrosa (mattard), chakrahva(ruddy Sheldrake), madgu (small cormorant), krouncha (pound heron) etc.

— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Annaswaroopa Food

are know as apcara (aquatic birds ).

— Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan, Annaswaroopa Food

Excessive consumption of unctuous, sweet, heavy and slimy foods, new grains, fresh wine, aquatic animal flesh, milk products, and sugared preparations causes santarpana diseases.

— Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana — Fundamental Principles, Chapter 23: Over-nutrition & Under-nutrition Disorders (Santarpaniya Adhyaya / सन्तर्पणीय अध्याय)

Meat of domestic, aquatic and wet-land animals or weak animals;

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 12: Edema Treatment (Shvayathu Chikitsa / श्वयथुचिकित्सा)

Patient of udara (enlargement of abdomen) should avoid meat of aquatic and wetland animals, leafy vegetables, pishtakrita (cake and pastries made of flour;

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 13: Abdominal Diseases Treatment (Udara Chikitsa / उदरचिकित्सा)

the use of vyapanna madya (contaminated wine) or excessive liquor or heat inducing raga (condiments) and sadava (confectionery), the use of vidahi (causes burning), shaka (vegetables) and harita (lashunadi harita group dravya), kilata (cheese), kurchika (inspissated milk) and mandaka (immature curd), the use of sandaki (fermented wine), as also of paistika (one made up of pistamai padarth or pastries) and oils made of sesame, black gram and horse gram, the use of flesh of domesticated, wet land

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 21: Erysipelas Treatment (Visarpa Chikitsa / विसर्पचिकित्सा)

One shall always prefer best liquor to drink along with a variety of apposite fruits, natural green vegetables, salted and veteran seasonal fruits, a variety of roasted meat of terrestrial, aquatic animals and flying birds and different edibles prepared by the group of chefs;

— Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana — Therapeutic Principles, Chapter 24: Alcoholism Treatment (Madatyaya Chikitsa / मदात्ययचिकित्सा)

The Maha Shalavana Sveda (great salt poultice) is prepared using domestic and aquatic animal meats along with the Jivaniya Gana (life-promoting group of herbs).

— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 2: Sveda Vidhi (Sudation Therapy)

A paste made from Langali (Gloriosa superba), Ativisha (Aconitum heterophyllum), Alabu (Lagenaria siceraria, bottle gourd), Jalini (a type of aquatic plant) root, and Bijaka (Pterocarpus marsupium), ground with rice-wash water (Dhanyambu), destroys insect-bite blisters (Kita Visphota).

— Sharangadhara Samhita, Uttara Khanda, Chapter 11: Lepa Vidhi (Topical Paste Application)

Excessive milk intake, heavy food, oleation therapy, smoke inhalation, meat of aquatic and marshy animals, leafy vegetables, sesame, and curd are unwholesome.

— Sharangadhara Samhita, Parishishtam, Chapter 36: Diet for Abdominal Enlargement (Udara Roga Pathyapathyam)

Sour substances, curd, leafy vegetables, meat of marshy and aquatic animals, alkali, and heavy foods should be avoided in wound/ulcer conditions.

— Sharangadhara Samhita, Parishishtam, Chapter 49: Diet for Abscess (Vidradhi-Vrana Pathyapathyam)

Heavy food and drink, various preparations, sweet taste, sour substances, and meat of aquatic and marshy animals are unwholesome.

— Sharangadhara Samhita, Parishishtam, Chapter 62: Diet for Sheeta Pitta and Related Disorders (Sheetapitta Pathyapathyam)

Feed them with dried meat (vallura), aquatic tubers, and powdered food.

— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 13: Jalaukavacharaniya Adhyaya - Leech Therapy

Provide aquatic grass and leaves for bedding.

— Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 13: Jalaukavacharaniya Adhyaya - Leech Therapy

Also with nasya (nasal medication), sneha-parisheka (oil irrigation), shiro-basti (head oil pooling), and irrigation with decoctions of vata-alleviating herbs, aquatic and marshy animal meats, and sour substances.

— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 9: Vatabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Vata-type Conjunctivitis)

The diet should consist of well-prepared domestic, marshy, and aquatic animal soups, oily foods, fruit juices, and properly processed milk.

— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 9: Vatabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Vata-type Conjunctivitis)

Or vasa (muscle fat) from marshy or aquatic animals mixed with rock salt and a little ginger — this is the anjana for shushka-paka (dry ophthalmia).

— Sushruta Samhita, Uttara Tantra, Chapter 9: Vatabhishyanda Pratishedha Adhyaya (Chapter on Treatment of Vata-type Conjunctivitis)