Chapter 7.7: Pharmaceutical Preparations of Shyama and Trivrita (Shyamatrivrita Kalpa Adhyaya / श्यामात्रिवृत कल्प अध्याय)
One hundred and ten purgative (virechana) preparations using Trivrita (Operculina turpethum) and Shyama, the premier purgative drugs. First chapter of the virechana section of Kalpa Sthana.
Source: Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan by Vagbhata
This pivotal chapter marks the transition from emetic (vamana) to purgative (virechana) preparations in Kalpa Sthana. It describes 110 pharmaceutical preparations of Trivrita and Shyama—the highest formulation count among all virechana chapters. Trivrita, considered the best purgative due to effectiveness with minimal side effects, is formulated across diverse media including sour liquids, salt, cow urine, linctus, modaka, seasonal combinations, medicated ghee, and fermented beverages. The celebrated Kalyanaka Guda treats over 20 conditions. The chapter demonstrates sophisticated adaptation to season, patient constitution, and disease severity.